What would happen to your spouse and children if you die? Remember, you're their main spice of income. Scare tactics(appeal to emotion) Speaker tries to scare us into accepting an irrelevant conclusion Scare Tactic Example You should get life insurance policy. She wouldn't lie to us about it Argument from Outrage(appeal to emotion) Convince us by making us angry rather than by giving us a relevant argument Argument from outrage example Apple knows very well it hires 12 year old children to make its electronics and pay them slave wages and has them work in unheated buildings. Begging the question Speaker is guilty of begging the question logically when he or she tries to "support" a contention by offering as "evidence" what amounts to a repacking of the contention in question Begging the question example The governor told the truth about the budget. Can you prove it isn't? Appeal to Ignorance Someone asserts that we should believe a claim because nobody has proved I false Appeal to ignorance example Nobody has proved ghosts don't exist, therefore they do. After all, nobody can say just how much money a person has to have in order to be "rich" Misplacing the burden of proof attempting to place the burden of proof on the wrong side of an issue Misplacing the burden of proof example I believe our former presidents birth certificate was a forgery. Therefore, we must eliminate social security Perfectionist Fallacy Speaker ignores options between perfection and nothing Perfectionist fallacy example A single English course won't make anyone a great writer so, I don't see why we have to take one Line-drawling fallacy Occurs when a speaker assumes that either a crystal clear line can be drawn between two things or else there isn't a deference between them Line-drawling example It doesn't make sense to say that someone is rich. It's crazy to say they should only make movies for kids False Dilemma Someone tries to establish a conclusion by offering it as the only alternative to something we will find unacceptable or unattainable False Dilemma example We either eliminate social security or the country will go bankrupt. Straw Man Speaker attempts to dismiss a contention by distorting or misrepresenting it Straw man example We should curb violence in movies.
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